The meaning of Allaah's ma'iyyah (Allaah’s being “with” someone)
Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al ‘Uthaymeen rahimahullaah
With regards to the ma’iyyah of Allaah (Allaah’s being “with” someone) Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al ‘Uthaymeen rahimahullaah states:
The ma’iyyah is divided into two types: that which is general and that which is specific.
And the specific is (sub) divided into two types: that which is restricted to a personand that which is restricted to a description.
As for the general, then this includes everyone – from the believer and the disbeliever, the righteous one and the wicked one. And the proof for it is His statement, He the Most High:
<<And He is with you wherever you are.>> [Soorah al Hadeed (57) aayah 4]
As for the specific (type) restricted to a description: then an example is His statement, He the Most High:
<<Allaah is indeed with those who have taqwaa (by fearing Allaah with regards to His prohibitions and His punishment) and those who are muhsinoon (people who perform their worship of Allaah in a fine manner and work to bring benefit to the creation from every aspect).>> [Soorah an Nahl (16) aayah 128]
As for the specific (type) restricted to a particular person: then an example is His statement, He the Most High, about His Prophet sall Allaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam :
When he said to his companion (Aboo Bakr), “Do not grieve; indeed Allaah is with us.” Soorah at Tawbah (9) aayah 40
And He said to Moosaa and Haaroon:
<<I am indeed with the two of you, hearing and seeing.>>Soorah TaaHaa (20) aayah 46
And this (ma’iyyah restricted to a person) is more specific than that which is restricted to a description.
So the ma’iyyah is of levels: that which is general and unrestricted, and that which is specific and restricted to a description and that which is specific and restricted to a person.
So the most specific of the types of ma’iyyah is that which is restricted to a person, then that which is restricted to a description, then that which is general.
The ma’iyyah which is general necessitates (Allaah’s) encompassing the creation with knowledge and ability and hearing and seeing and authority, and other than that from the meanings of His Ruboobiyyah.
And the ma’iyyah which is specific, with its two types, necessitates (along) with that nasr (aiding) and ta-yeed (giving support).
(Sharh of waasitiyyah of Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al ‘Uthaymeen rahimahullaah , quoted in Mu’jam at Ta’reefaat p387, translated by Nasser ibn Najam)
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